Challenges of the Unemployment Protection System and Active Policies in Spain
Abstract
A brief overview of the history of the Spanish Unemployment Protection System (UPS) from the reestablishment of democracy in 1978 shows the challenges that it has faced over the years. Some of the most persistent problems of the UPS that have not been solved by the successive reforms are high unemployment, the sustainability of the public spending system, the insufficient protection of the unemployed people or people with low quality jobs and the inefficacy to put back the unemployed in the job market. In this paper we describe the main characteristics and challenges of the UPS in Spain and we discuss some potential reforms that could be implemented to make the system more effective from different points of view. In the next section, the main reforms of the UPS from the reestablishment of the democracy until now will be described in order to analyse which have been the main challenges of the system and to what extent they have been overcome. After this, the current unemployment protection system will be analysed. In the fourth section, we will introduce the main challenges and diagnosis of the current system. And, finally, we will explain some conclusions including the reforms proposed by the different actors involved.
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